Xiisadaha Siyaasadeed ee Ka Dhalan Kara Booqashada Raysal Wasaare Xamse Barre ee Laascaanood iyo Xidhiidka Somaliland.

 

 

 

Haddii Raysal Wasaare Hamsa Bare) uu booqdo Laascaanood, waxay noqon kartaa arrin siyaasadeed iyo amni oo xasaasi ah, waxaana laga yaabaa inay kiciso khataro dhowr ah, gaar ahaan iyadoo la tixgelinayo xaaladda iyo xiriirka adag ee u dhexeeya Somaliland iyo dowladda Federaalka ee Soomaaliya.

Laascaanood, oo ah caasimadda Gobolka Sool, ayaa ah deegaan muran siyaasadeed iyo mid amni oo muddo dheer soo jiray. Gobolkaas waxa uu ku soo noqnoqday xiisado siyaasadeed oo dhex maray Dawlada Somaliland iyo Puntland, iyo sidoo kale dowladda Federaalka ee Soomaaliya. Booqashada Raysal Wasaare Bare ee Laascaanood waxay noqon kartaa mid saamayn ballaaran ku yeelata xaaladda guud ee gobolka.

1. Khatarta Siyaasadeed iyo Xiriirka Somaliland

• Dhinaca Somaliland: Somaliland waxay si adag u difaacaysaa madax-bannaanideeda iyo jiritaanka maamulka gobollada ay maamusho, oo ay ku jirto Laascaanood. Haddii Raysal Wasaare Bare uu tago Laascaanood, waxay Somaliland u arki kartaa inay tahay faragelin ku timaadda siyaasaddooda, taas oo suuragal ah inay keento khilaaf siyaasadeed oo dheeri ah. Booqashadiisa waxay muujin kartaa taageerada dowladda Federaalka ee Soomaaliya ee dadka deegaanka Laascaanood, taas oo sii xumeyn karta xiriirka Somaliland iyo dowladda Federaalka ee Soomaaliya.
• Saameynta Beelaha: Laascaanood waxay hoy u tahay beelo isku dhafan oo taageero ka helaya Puntland iyo dowladda Federaalka. Haddii Raysal Wasaare Kheyre uu muujiyo taageero dhinaca Federaalka, waxay  Somaliland ku abuuri kartaa dareen diidmo iyo cadho ah, taasoo laga yaabo inay keento xiisado siyaasadeed iyo khilaafyo gudaha ah.

2. Khatarta Amni

• Xaaladaha Amni: Booqashada Raysal Wasaare Kheyre waxay kicin kartaa rabshado iyo isku dhac amni, gaar ahaan haddii dadweynaha deegaanka ee Laascaanood ay si xooggan uga falceliyaan. Maadaama gobolka uu yahay goob uu ku sugan yahay dagaal iyo iska horimaadyo siyaasadeed iyo milatari, booqashada Raysal Wasaare Kheyre waxay ka dhalan kartaa halis amni oo ka timaadda Somaliland iyo maamulka Khaatumo  waxaana dhici karta in ay kacaan ama ka falceliyaan.
• Dagaallada Xigta: Xaaladda amni ee Laascaanood iyo guud ahaan gobolka Sool waxay ka dhigan tahay in dhacdo kasta oo siyaasadeed oo weyn ay soo cusboonaysiin karto xiisadaha iyo dagaallada ka dhex socda kooxaha kala duwan, sida ciidamada Somaliland, kuwa Khaatumo iyo Puntland. Booqashada Raysal Wasaare Kheyre waxay kicin kartaa dagaal cusub ama kordhin kara dagaalladii hore.

3. Saamaynta Siyaasada

• Ka qaybgalka Wadahadallada: Dhinaca kale, haddii Raysal Wasaare Hamse  uu booqdo Laascaanood isagoo muujinaya sida ay dowladda Federaalka uga go'an tahay in xal siyaasadeed loo helo, waxaa laga yaabaa inay fursad u noqoto in la bilaabo wadahadallo dheeraad ah oo dhexmara dadka deegaanka iyo dowladda Federaalka, iyadoo laga yaabo in la gaadho heshiisyo dhexmara dhammaan dhinacyada.

4. Saamaynta Somaliland iyo Dowladda Federaalka

• Xiisadaha Siyaasadeed ee Somaliland iyo Dowladda Federaalka: Booqashada Raysal Wasaare Kheyre ee Laascaanood waxay ka dhigeysaa xaaladda Somaliland iyo dowladda Federaalka mid aad u kacsan, iyadoo Somaliland u arki karto inay tahay faragelin si toos ah uga timaadda dowladda Soomaaliya. Tani waxay sababi kartaa in Somaliland ay si weyn u diido siyaasadaha dowladda Federaalka, waxayna sii kordhin kartaa xiisadaha iyo is-afgaradka siyaasadeed ee ka dhex jira labada dhinac.

Gabagabo

Booqashada Raysal Wasaare Kheyre ee Laascaanood waxay noqon kartaa mid ka mid ah dhacdooyinka xasaasiga ah ee keeni kara khataro dhinaca amniga, siyaasadda, iyo bulshada. Waxay u baahan tahay in si taxaddar leh loo wajaho si looga fogaado in xaaladda ka sii darto. Waxaa muhiim ah in dhammaan dhinacyada ay isku dayaan inay ku xalliyaan khilaafaadka si nabad ah iyo in la taageero wada-hadalada siyaasadeed si loo gaaro xallin waara.

By Abdiaziz Jama Haji Cami, MA in Diplomacy and Conflict Resolution

Hargeisa, Somaliland.

Request Letter to the U.S. by the President of Somalia Regarding Berbera Port and Airport and the Challenges Posed by Somaliland's Government: A Diplomatic Appeal to the United States:

 

The letter from the President of Somalia to the United States regarding the Berbera Port and Airport is significant in several ways, particularly in the context of Somalia’s ongoing territorial disputes with Somaliland.

Context

Somaliland, a region in the Horn of Africa, proclaimed its independence from Somalia in 1991 after the collapse of Somalia's central government. Since then, Somaliland has effectively operated as an independent state, with its own government, currency, and military. Despite this, it has not been recognized internationally as an independent nation, and most of the world still views it as part of Somalia. However, Somaliland has functioned as an independent entity for over thirty-three decades.

Implications of the Letter

1. Political Tensions Between Somalia and Somaliland:
• The letter underscores Somalia's claim over the territory of Somaliland, including the strategically important Berbera Port and Airport. By engaging the U.S. on these matters, the Somali government is reaffirming its stance that the port and airport are within Somalia's sovereignty, despite Somaliland’s self-declared independence.
• The letter could be interpreted as an attempt to prevent international recognition of Somaliland’s independence. If the U.S. engages directly with Somaliland, it could be seen as an implicit recognition of Somaliland’s de facto independence.
2. Economic and Strategic Interests:
• Berbera Port is of significant strategic importance due to its location on the Red Sea and proximity to the Bab-el-Mandeb Strait, a crucial shipping route. Both Somalia and Somaliland view the port as vital for trade and security.
• The airport is similarly important for both civilian and military purposes. Given the growing global interest in the Horn of Africa, particularly with the involvement of countries like the UAE and China in developing infrastructure, the letter could be seen as a move to retain control over this key area.
3. International Relations:
• Somalia’s appeal to the U.S. highlights the geopolitical competition in the region. Countries like the UAE and Ethiopia have been involved in the development of the Berbera Port and Airport, and Somalia may be concerned about external powers recognizing Somaliland's authority over these assets, which could potentially weaken Somalia’s territorial integrity.
• The letter is also a signal to the U.S. and other global powers to respect Somalia’s sovereignty in the face of Somaliland’s ambitions. It may also be a plea for support in terms of political legitimacy and strategic cooperation in a region that holds significant geopolitical importance.
4. Somali Nationalism and Identity:
• The letter is also a reflection of Somali nationalism, where the government in Mogadishu is trying to assert its control over all the territories historically considered part of Somalia. For the Somali government, this letter is a reaffirmation of its claim to unity and territorial integrity, which is a sensitive issue both domestically and internationally.
5. Potential for Conflict or Negotiation:
• This letter could have implications for peace and stability in the region. While it represents a diplomatic attempt to assert control, it could also fuel tensions between Somalia and Somaliland, which has had an uneasy relationship with the federal government in Mogadishu.
• Alternatively, it might serve as an opening for negotiations between Somalia and Somaliland, particularly if the international community—including the U.S.—seeks to mediate a resolution to the conflict over sovereignty and regional control.

In summary, the letter from Somalia's president to the U.S. about Berbera Port and Airport represents a significant statement of Somalia's territorial claims over the region of Somaliland. It highlights the ongoing conflict over Somaliland's de facto independence, and it could have far-reaching consequences in terms of regional stability, international relations, and Somalia's efforts to retain its territorial integrity.

Abdiaziz Jama

MA in Diplomacy and Peace and Conflict Studies,

Saameynta doorashada Wasiirka Arrimaha Dibadda ee Jabuuti ee guddoomiyaha Komishanka Midowga Afrika ay ku yeelan karto Somaliland.

Doorashada Wasiirka Arrimaha Dibadda ee Jabuuti, Mahmoud Ali Youssouf, inuu noqdo Guddoomiyaha Cusub ee Guddiga Midowga Afrika (AUC) waxay yeelan kartaa saameyn weyn oo ku saabsan Somaliland.

 Youssouf, oo ahaa Wasiirka Arrimaha Dibadda ee Jabuuti tan iyo 2005, waxaa lagu doortay shir-madaxeedka Midowga Afrika ee Addis Ababa, Itoobiya, isagoo ka adkaaday musharraxiin ka kala socday Kenya iyo Madagascar.

 

Taariikh ahaan, Jabuuti waxay taageertay midnimada Soomaaliya, iyadoo ka soo horjeeday dadaallada Somaliland ay ugu jirto aqoonsi caalami ah oo ay kaga go’do Soomaaliya. Sannadkii 2008, Youssouf wuxuu ku tilmaamay sababta Somaliland aan weli loo aqoonsan inay tahay arrimo goboleed, isagoo sheegay in diidmada Itoobiya ee Soomaaliya xoog leh ay qeyb ka tahay arrintaas.

Maadaama Youssouf uu muddo dheer hayay mowqifkan, iyo xiriirka dhow ee Jabuuti ay la leedahay Soomaaliya, hoggaamintiisa Guddiga Midowga Afrika waxay saameyn ku yeelan kartaa qaabka AU-da ay u wajahdo arrimaha Somaliland.

 

Midowga Afrika wuxuu sii wadi karaa ilaalinta mabda’a midnimada dhuleed, taasoo caqabad ku noqon karta dadaallada Somaliland ay ugu jirto inay hesho aqoonsi caalami ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa suuragal ah in khibradda diblomaasiyadeed ee Youssouf ay furi karto waddooyin cusub oo wada-hadal ah, iyadoo la eegayo sida xaaladaha gobolka u sii kobcayaan.

 

Gunaadnad, doorashada Youssouf ee Guddoomiyaha ee ururka midowga Africa waxay muujinaysaa in Midowga Afrika uu sii wadi karo mowqifkiisa hore ee ku aaddan Somaliland, balse saameynta rasmiga ah waxay ku xirnaan doontaa isbedellada diblomaasiyadeed iyo horumarka gobolka mustaqbalka.

 

By: Abdiaziz Jama

Master’s in Peace and Conflict Studies and

Master’s in Modern Diplomacy